African Land Economy and its Importance

Farm land is very good for farming for the most part.They have a rainy season and a dry season.Crops grow well during the rainy season.They would grow crops year around if irrigation was available for the dry season.What prevents the farming to be much more than sustenance is the lack of almost any inputs, such as improved seeds and fertilizers.They have almost no machinery such as tractors, plows, planters, etc. Farming is mostly by hand, and in a large part done by the women.They lack the machinery to clear the land. Fertilizers are controlled by the government is almost unavailable to the small farmers. They have very little transportation and roads fit to take their crops to market. The main method of agriculture is still slash and burn for a source of fertility and weed control.African land soil differs in characteristics. Both in space and time. Africa’s soils differ even in the same field of just an acre. This means, soil suit abilities and capability assessments should be carried out for the crops u want to grow. The weather does a great role in farming but this as well can be manipulated for better results. Crops have different climatic requirements. so then try to find which crops are good for a given environment.

Africa has a dual agricultural economy, with both well-developed commercial farming and more subsistence-based production in the deep rural areas.Covering 1.2-million square kilometers of land,  Africa is one-eighth the size of the United States and has seven climatic regions, from Mediterranean to subtropical to semi-desert.While 12% of Africa’s land can be used for crop production, only 22% of this is high-potential arable land.Important export groups are wine, citrus, maize, grapes, sugar, apples, pears and quinces. Important export products include agro processing products, such as under matured ethyl alcohol and hides and skins.

Definition of audit of construction

The audit  of construction  is a combination of two  words the first is audit which is related from accounting field and the second one is construction which is related from making building field. Which are given below:

Auditing refers to a systematic examination of books, accounts, documents and vouchers of an organization to ascertain how far the financial statements present a true and fair view of the concern. It also attempts to ensure that the books of accounts are properly maintained by the concern as required by law. Auditing has become such an ubiquitous phenomenon in the corporate and the public sector that academics started identifying an "Audit Society”

Auditing is defined as a systematic and independent examination of data, statements, records, operations and performances (financial or otherwise) of an enterprise for a stated purpose. In any auditing the auditor perceives and recognizes the propositions before him/her for examination, collects evidence, evaluates the same and on this basis formulates his/her judgment which is communicated through his/her audit report.

Any subject matter may be audited. Audits provide third party assurance to various stakeholders that the subject matter is free from material misstatement. The term is most frequently applied to audits of the financial information relating to a legal person. Other areas which are commonly audited include: internal controls, quality management, project management, water management, and energy conservation.

Construction 

Construction is the process of preparing for and forming buildings ^[1] and building systems.^[2] Construction starts with planning, design, and financing and continues until the structure is ready for occupancy.

Far from being a single activity, large scale construction is a feat of human multitasking. Normally, the job is managed by a project manager, and supervised by a construction manager, design engineer, construction engineer or project architect. For the successful execution of a project, effective planning is essential. Those involved with the design and execution of the infrastructure in question must consider the zoning requirements, the environmental impact of the job, the successful scheduling, budgeting, construction site safety, availability and transportation of building materials, logistics, inconvenience to the public caused by construction delays and bidding, etc.

 

Aloe Vera Seeds In India

Aloe Vera only produces seeds when two different varieties bloom at the same time in close proximity and cross pollinate. Pups (young plants) that are sprouting from the base of the parent plant are the normal way that aloe reproduces. You can propagate your plant easily by digging and replanting pups or with cuttings. For a cutting simply cut one of the smaller leaves off with a sharp knife. 

Keep it in a shady spot for a day or so until the cut drays over and plant it upright a couple inches deep in some potting soil. Roots won't grow from the cut but from the sides of the leaf and if the cut isn't calloused over it can rot. There are 400 known species of Aloe Vera but the best way of propagating it is through its pups. 

These are small aloes which will sprout at the base of the main plant. You can separate this carefully and plant these in sterile soil. Soon you will have more aloe plants. 

 Let your aloe grow 'pups'. These are the little babies that will sprout up from the original plant. Just gently put it away from the mother plant and replant into another pot.

Sales demand in India of murrah buffaloes

Now a day increasind order of murrah buffalos milk is very import food for human being so milk production is challenge for Indian and solution is develop a new breed of murrah buffalo which are producing a huge amount of milk .So sales demand of Murrah buffalo for sale in India and all over world and india is best exporter for murrah buffalo .

A large number of top quality Murrah Buffaloes is exported each year out of the State, which ultimately find its way to slaughterhouses after the cessation of lactation period. This is resulting in serious depletion of this unique germ plasm. The Haryana Livestock Development Board being fully concerned of this fast depleting valuable germ plasm has introduced a comprehensive programme to preserve, conserve and improve the same. And according to sale demand of muurah buffalo harayana government is promoting the new breed generation of murrah buffalo.

This is a breed of domestic water buffalo, it is hugely found Punjab and Haryana states of India.This bull is extensively used in Italy, Bulgaria and Egypt. Murrah Buffalo is the best buffalo breed in the world. The richest source of best Murrah germplasm is in Haryana State mainly Rohtak, Bhiwani, Hisar and Jhajjar District are considered the best breeding tract of Murrah. Though triple purpose it is chiefly maintained for milk production, it is an excellent performer and it is best converter of course feeds into fat rich milk even under harsh climatic conditions.